The City of Bristol's Backyard Wine Gardens: Grape-Treading Fruit in City Spaces
Every quarter of an hour or so, an older diesel-powered railway carriage arrives at a spray-painted station. Nearby, a law enforcement alarm pierces the almost continuous road noise. Daily travelers rush by collapsing, ivy-covered fencing panels as rain clouds gather.
It is perhaps the last place you anticipate to find a perfectly formed grape-growing plot. However one local grower has cultivated 40 mature vines sagging with round purplish grapes on a rambling garden plot sandwiched between a row of historic homes and a local rail line just north of Bristol downtown.
"I've seen people hiding heroin or other items in those bushes," says Bayliss-Smith. "But you simply continue ... and keep tending to your vines."
The cameraman, 46, a filmmaker who runs a kombucha drinks business, is not the only local vintner. He's pulled together a informal group of growers who make wine from several discreet city grape gardens nestled in back gardens and allotments throughout the city. It is too clandestine to possess an formal title so far, but the collective's WhatsApp group is called Grape Expectations.
Urban Wine Gardens Across the Globe
So far, the grower's allotment is the sole location registered in the Urban Vineyards Association's upcoming world atlas, which includes more famous city vineyards such as the eighteen hundred vines on the hillsides of Paris's renowned Montmartre neighbourhood and over three thousand vines overlooking and inside the Italian city. The Italian-based non-profit association is at the forefront of a movement re-establishing city vineyards in traditional winemaking countries, but has discovered them all over the globe, including urban centers in East Asia, Bangladesh and Uzbekistan.
"Vineyards help cities remain greener and more diverse. These spaces protect land from development by establishing permanent, yielding agricultural units inside cities," says the association's president.
Like all wines, those created in urban areas are a product of the earth the vines thrive in, the vagaries of the climate and the individuals who care for the grapes. "Each vintage embodies the charm, local spirit, environment and heritage of a urban center," adds the spokesperson.
Unknown Eastern European Grapes
Returning to the city, Bayliss-Smith is in a urgent timeline to harvest the vines he grew from a plant abandoned in his allotment by a Polish family. Should the precipitation arrives, then the pigeons may seize their chance to attack again. "This is the mystery Eastern European grape," he comments, as he cleans damaged and mouldy berries from the glistering bunches. "We don't really know their exact classification, but they're definitely disease-resistant. In contrast to noble varieties – Burgundy grapes, Chardonnay and other famous European varieties – you don't have to spray them with chemicals ... this could be a special variety that was developed by the Soviets."
Group Efforts Throughout the City
The other members of the collective are also making the most of bright periods between showers of fall precipitation. At a rooftop garden with views of Bristol's glistening waterfront, where medieval merchant vessels once bobbed with casks of wine from Europe and the Iberian peninsula, one cultivator is collecting her dark berries from about fifty vines. "I love the smell of these vines. The scent is so evocative," she remarks, stopping with a basket of grapes slung over her arm. "It's the scent of southern France when you roll down the car windows on holiday."
Grant, fifty-two, who has spent over two decades working for humanitarian organizations in war-torn regions, unexpectedly inherited the vineyard when she moved back to the UK from Kenya with her family in 2018. She felt an overwhelming duty to look after the vines in the yard of their recently acquired property. "This vineyard has already endured multiple proprietors," she says. "I deeply appreciate the idea of environmental care – of handing this down to someone else so they can keep cultivating from this land."
Sloping Gardens and Traditional Winemaking
Nearby, the remaining cultivators of the group are busily laboring on the steep inclines of Avon Gorge. One filmmaker has cultivated more than one hundred fifty vines perched on terraces in her expansive property, which tumbles down towards the silty River Avon. "People are always surprised," she says, gesturing towards the interwoven vineyard. "They can't believe they can see grapevine lines in a city street."
Currently, the filmmaker, 60, is picking bunches of deep violet Rondo grapes from rows of vines slung across the hillside with the help of her daughter, her family member. The conservationist, a documentary producer who has worked on Netflix's Great National Parks series and BBC Two's gardening shows, was inspired to cultivate vines after seeing her neighbor's vines. She has learned that amateurs can produce intriguing, pleasurable natural wine, which can sell for upwards of £7 a serving in the increasing quantity of establishments focusing on minimal-intervention wines. "It's just incredibly satisfying that you can truly create good, natural wine," she states. "It's very fashionable, but really it's resurrecting an old way of making vintage."
"During foot-stomping the fruit, the various wild yeasts are released from the skins into the liquid," says Scofield, ankle deep in a bucket of small branches, seeds and red liquid. "This represents how vintages were historically produced, but commercial producers add preservatives to eliminate the wild yeast and subsequently add a commercially produced culture."
Challenging Conditions and Creative Approaches
In the immediate vicinity sprightly retiree Bob Reeve, who inspired his neighbor to plant her grapevines, has assembled his companions to pick Chardonnay grapes from one hundred vines he has arranged precisely across multiple levels. The former teacher, a Lancashire-born PE teacher who worked at Bristol University developed a passion for viticulture on regular visits to France. But it is a difficult task to grow Chardonnay grapes in the humidity of the gorge, with cooling tides sweeping in and out from the Bristol Channel. "I aimed to make French-style vintages here, which is a bit bonkers," admits Reeve with a smile. "Chardonnay is late to ripen and very sensitive to mildew."
"My goal was creating Burgundian wines in this environment, which is rather ambitious"
The temperamental Bristol climate is not the only challenge encountered by winegrowers. Reeve has been compelled to install a barrier on